学会誌「自然災害科学」

自然災害科学46 Vol.17,No.2, 1998, p131f

【解説】

わが国に於ける火山ガス人身災害の発生要因とその防止対策

Volcanic Gas Disasters in Japan - Principal Factors and Preventive Measures -

小坂 丈予*・平林 順一**・山本 雅弘***・野上 健治**

Joyo OSAKA*, Jun-ichi HIRABAYASHI**, Masahiro YAMAMOTO*** and Kenji NOGAMI**

Abstract

Volcanic gas disasters around active volcanoes all over Japan have occurred 27 times and 45 people have been killed since 1950. Configuration of the ground near fumarolic areas and weather conditions are the principal factors in gas accidents.

Making gas-hazard maps, setting of restricted zones and installation of automatic alarm system with continuous monitoring are effective measures to prevent volcanic gas disasters. Knowledge of toxicity of volcanic gases and first aid are also helpful in reducing volcanic gas disasters.

キーワード:

火山ガス災害，噴気孔，ガスハザードマップ，自動警報装置

Key words:

volcanic gas disasters, fumarole, gas hazard map, automatic alarm system
*
玉川大学学術研究所
Research Institute, Tamagawa University
**
東京工業大学草津白根火山観測所
Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano Observatory, Tokyo Institute of Technology
***
岡山大学理学部地球科学科
Depatment of Earth Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University